Useful commands
Find which package contains a particular file 🔗
apt-file
Consume CPU resources 🔗
cat /dev/zero > /dev/null
Check which shells are available 🔗
cat /etc/shells
Go back to previous directory 🔗
cd -
Show largest folder/files 🔗
du -a -BM . | sort -n -r | head -n 30
Set environment variables in bash 🔗
export VAR=abc
Check what type of file something probably is 🔗
file
Search for a file/folder 🔗
find -name "PATTERN"
Show command history 🔗
history
Show IP Addresses 🔗
ip -c a
Show default gateway and routes 🔗
Source: https://www.rootusers.com/how-to-display-routing-table-in-linux/
ip -c r
Kill a running process 🔗
Where pid is the process ID of the process to kill or
kill pid
or where program is the name of the program to kill (see more on pidof here)
kill $(pidof program)
Set static route 🔗
Where 192.168.0.0/16 is the network and mask you want to set the route for and 192.168.0.1 is the gateway (It auto detected the interface when I tried it.)
sudo ip route add 192.168.0.0/16 via 192.168.0.1
Check route that will be used for address 🔗
Source: Faster than Lime - Use ip route help to see more info.
ip route get 8.8.8.8
See installed kernels 🔗
find /boot/vmli*
Consumes RAM (And CPU) 🔗
memtester
Show network devices 🔗
nmcli device status
Get the PID(s) of a process 🔗
Where program is the name of the command that started the process (what that shows in the System Monitor)
pidof program
Check which shell is in use 🔗
ps -p $$
Get SHA1 hash of a file 🔗
sha1sum
Get SHA256 hash of a file 🔗
sha256sum
Start Discord Minimized 🔗
snap run discord --start-minimized
Get file “properties” 🔗
stat
Check system to see which sensors are available 🔗
sudo sensors-detect
See bluetooth logs 🔗
sudo systemctl status bluetooth
Get a checksum for a file 🔗
Source: https://www.baeldung.com/linux/sha-256-from-command-line
The source also shows how to verify against the checksum file
sha256sum my_file.txt
sum my_file.txt
Get checksum for a string 🔗
echo string | sha256sum
Manage TexLive Packages 🔗
Was already installed on my system not sure from where or when.
However it was a very old version and after I set it up for use using tlmgr init-usertree (required for debian).
I tested it using tlmgr info algorithm and got the following:
tlmgr: Local TeX Live (2021) is older than remote repository (2024).
Cross release updates are only supported with
update-tlmgr-latest(.sh/.exe) --update
See https://tug.org/texlive/upgrade.html for details.
Given than the new install was going to be over 7GB I abandoned this option.
tlmgr
Move files to trash from command line 🔗
trash
Check version of linux in use 🔗
uname -a
See power status for connected devices 🔗
upower --dump
Watch the sensor stream 🔗
watch sensors